الاثنين، 2 يوليو 2018

Physical Examination of Urine ( Urine color )

Urine color
Normally, urine specimens may appear pale yellow  (also known as straw) to amber in color. Urochrome is  the substance that provides the traditional yellow color  observed in urine.  
Urochrome is a pigment that is released continuously as a product of hemoglobin breakdown and normal metabolism. Because the amount of urochrome  is consistent, the intensity of the yellow color in the  specimen will vary with the patient’s hydration status. Urine specimens that are more concentrated (such as the first morning void specimen) will  have a darker yellow color than those that are obtained later in the day, as the patient becomes more hydrated. 
The terms used to describe the color of urine may vary slightly among laboratories but it is important that they are standardized within each facility. such as
( pale yellow , yellow, dark yellow, and amber )
It is also important to evaluate urine color on a well-mixed specimen in a clear container so that the true color can be evaluated.
Image shows various colors of urine specimens
A noticeable change in urine color may be caused by
a pathological condition. However, certain foods, vitamins, or medications may also cause an abnormal color.
Table lists potential causes for various urine colorsThe most commonly encountered abnormal colors and their significance are listed here
Dark yellow to amber
 Although these colors are technically within the normal range, sometimes urine wil appear dark yellow or amber when bilirubin is present in the specimen. This may indicate liver dysfunction,such as in hepatitis, or other conditions that lead to increased red blood cell destruction. Recent strenuous exercise may also cause urine to appear dark yellow.
Orange
Urine may also appear orange when bilirubin levels are elevated in the specimen. However, a more common cause of bright orange urine is the presence of Pyridium (phenazopyridine), a medication used to treat recurrent urinary tract infections. This medication produces a potent orange pigment that will interfere with many of the testing procedures included in a urinalysis. 
Red to brown
 The presence of red blood cells (hematuria) in the urine specimen may cause it to appear pink, red, or even brown. Urinary tract infections or renal dysfunction may allow red blood cells to enter the urinary tract. The presence of hemoglobin from increased red blood cell lysis elsewhere in the body also leads to red urine specimens, although the urine is clearer than it is when intact red blood cells are present. Myoglobinis a by-product of muscle  destruction, and elevated levels may also cause the urine to appear reddish in color. Many medications, fresh beets, and fresh blackberries may also contribute to a red urine specimen.
Blue or green
 Urinary tract infections caused by Pseudomonas bacterial genus may cause the patient’s urine to appear green in color. Various medications may also cause a green or blue hue
Fluorescence
Multivitamins may cause the urine to “fluoresce,” although the urine color may be normal.
Brown or black
 Hemoglobin may turn brown in acidic urine that has been left standing for an  extended period of time. Brown or black urine may be evident for patients that have melanoma. This is caused by the presence of melanin and melanogen in the specimen.

You can see Urine Clarity from here

Urine Clarity 

السبت، 30 يونيو 2018

قانون رقم 367 لسنة 1954 في شأن مزاولة مهن الكيمياء الطبية والبكتريولوجيا والباثولوجيا

قانون رقم 367 لسنة 1954 في شأن مزاولة مهن الكيمياء الطبية والبكتريولوجيا والباثولوجيا وتنظيم معامل التشخيص الطبي ومعامل الأبحاث العلمية ومعامل المستحضرات الحيوية

الجمعة، 29 يونيو 2018

المهن العلمية تصدر شهادة أخصائى التحاليل الطبية لمزاولي مهنة التحاليل من العلماء

بشره سارة 
إلى أعضاء نقابة المهن العلمية
( علماء مصر )

الأحد، 24 يونيو 2018

Urinalysis and Body Fluids book

New Book in
Urinalysis and Body Fluids book
The book contains the parts of each part containing a set of important chapters in the principles of Urinalysis and Body Fluids Laboratory

الأربعاء، 20 يونيو 2018

قياس أنزيمات الكبد(GOT , GPT) بطريقة الكينتك (kinetic)

كلنا بنشتغل انزيمات الكبد ال GOT , GPT بالطريقه الكينتك (kinetic)
و طبعا احنا فاهمين ان فى الطريقه الكينتك بنقيس التغيير الحادث لتركيز ماده من مواد التفاعل سواء كان هذا التغير بتزايد كميتها (increasing absorbance) اذا كانت الماده تتكون نتيجه للتفاعل او كان هذا التغيير بتناقص كميتها
 (decreasing absorbance) اذا كانت الماده تستهلك نتيجه للتفاعل

الأحد، 17 يونيو 2018

بالفيديو كيفية سحب عينات الدم الوريدى عملى

 طريقة سحب عينة الدم الوريدى عملى
يقدم الدكتور أبراهيم صابر فيديوهاته القيمة الرائعة الى الزائرين 
فهو يشرح بالتفصيل خطوات سحب الدم من الوريد داخل معمل التحاليل الطبية

الأربعاء، 13 يونيو 2018

erythrocyte sedimentation rate | westergren tube

erythrocyte sedimentation rate


erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
is a nonspecific screening test indicative of inflammation. It is used as an initial screening tool and also as a follow-up test to monitor therapy and progression or remission of disease. 
**This test measures the distance that RBCs will fall
in a vertical tube over a given time period.