100 Cases in Clinical Pathology Book

CONTENTS

Preface xi

Acknowledgements xiii

Contributors xv

Section 1: CHEMICAL PATHOLOGY, IMMUNOLOGY AND

GENETICS

Case 1: Polyuria and polydipsia 3

Case 2: Traces of blood found on a routine urine dipstick 7

Case 3: Confusion, lethargy and shortness of breath 9

Case 4: A child with facial swelling 11

Case 5: Joint pains and fatigue 13

Case 6: Anxiety, irritability and reduced menstrual frequency 15

Case 7: Screening for prostate cancer? 19

Case 8: A young woman found unconscious in bed 23

Case 9: A middle-aged woman with jaundice 27

Case 10: Drug overdose 31

Case 11: Fatigue, weakness and constipation 33

Case 12: Excessive hair growth and infertility 37

Case 13: Fatigue and irregular periods 41

Case 14: Stiff and painful hands 43

Case 15: Abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting 47

Case 16: Frequent throat and chest infections 51

Case 17: Right-sided flank pain moving to the groin 53

Case 18: A routine ‘health check’ for a 55-year-old man 55

Case 19: Collapse in a patient undergoing chemotherapy 59

Case 20: A 10-day-old baby with ambiguous genitalia 63

Case 21: Fatigue, weakness and weight gain 67

Case 22: Hypertension in a young woman 69

Case 23: Nausea, vomiting, weakness and paraesthesia 71

Case 24: Erectile dysfunction in a young man 73

Case 25: A young man with ‘high cholesterol’ 75

Case 26: Rash after a bone marrow transplant 77

Case 27: A fall on an outstretched hand 79

Case 28: A patient in follow-up after a liver transplant 81

Case 29: A man with poorly controlled blood pressure 85

Case 30: Dizziness on standing upright 89

Case 31: Sudden-onset chest pain in a tall woman 91

Case 32: Concerns about the risk of breast cancer 93

Case 33: Seizure in a neonate 95

Case 34: Flu-like illness after foreign travel 97

Section 2: HISTOPATHOLOGY

Case 35: A young woman with ankle swelling and shortness of breath 103

Case 36: Chest pain and sudden death 105

Case 37: An elderly man with severe back pain 109

Case 38: Increased breathlessness and sudden death 111

Case 39: A worsening cough and haemoptysis 113

Case 40: A young man with shortness of breath and haemoptysis 117

Case 41: Sudden onset weakness and dysphasia 119

Case 42: Numbness, weakness and clumsiness 121

Case 43: Forgetfulness and disorientation 123

Case 44: Coffee-ground vomiting 125

Case 45: Episodic right upper quadrant abdominal pain 129

Case 46: Chronic diarrhoea and flatulence 133

Case 47: A young man with bloody diarrhoea 135

Case 48: Abdominal discomfort and generalized weakness 139

Case 49: Abdominal pain in a publican 143

Case 50: Abdominal distension, loss of appetite and malaise 145

Case 51: Delayed passage of meconium in a newborn 147

Case 52: Back pain and fever in a diabetic 149

Case 53: Urinary problems in an elderly man 153

Case 54: A young man with a testicular lump 155

Case 55: Heavy and painful menstrual bleeding 159

Case 56: Abnormal vaginal bleeding 163

Case 57: A lump in the breast 165

Case 58: Lymph node enlargement in a young man 167

Case 59: An itchy, bleeding mole on the back 171

Section 3: HAEMATOLOGY

Case 60: Shortness of breath and heartburn 175

Case 61: Raised white cell count in an asymptomatic individual 179

Case 62: Worsening fatigue and bleeding gums 183

Case 63: Burning urine and an abnormal clotting screen 187

Case 64: Headaches, blurred vision and itching 189

Case 65: A painful arm and a large spleen 193

Case 66: A rash on the thighs 197

Case 67: Fatigue and weight loss 201

Case 68: Pneumonia with abnormal liver function 205

Case 69: Recurrent epistaxis 211

Case 70: Bruising after a pneumonia 215

Case 71: Headache and a rash 219

Case 72: Shortness of breath and weight loss 223

Case 73: Low platelets in pregnancy 227

Case 74: Anaemia resistant to a blood transfusion 231

Case 75: Asymptomatic anaemia in the elderly 235

Case 76: Back pain and fatigue 241

Case 77: Short of breath and underweight 245

Case 78: A large epigastric mass 249

Case 79: Deterioration after a blood transfusion 253

Section 4: MICROBIOLOGY

Case 80: Leg pain and fevers 259

Case 81: Fever and collapse 263

Case 82: Burning sensation when passing urine 269

Case 83: A bit short of breath 273

Case 84: Unhappy camper 277

Case 85: Diarrhoea in an elderly man 283

Case 86: A painful knee 287

Case 87: A pain in the ear 291

Case 88: A red eye 293

Case 89: Child with a rash 297

Case 90: Pelvic pain 303

Case 91: A painful swollen jaw 305

Case 92: Traveller’s diarrhoea 311

Case 93: Fever in a returning traveller 315

Case 94: A spot of confusion 319

Case 95: Congenital infection 323

Case 96: A chronic cough 327

Case 97: A jaundiced view 331

Case 98: Gram negative bacteraemia 335

Case 99: A groin swelling 339

Case 100: Urethral discharge 343

Reference Ranges 347

Index 349